Antidiarrhoeal activity of ethanolic stem bark extract of Newbouldia laevis in castor oil-induced diarrhoea in rats

Authors

  • AA Aderinola
  • J Ejiofor
  • OE Oyinloye
  • TA Fasanya
  • E Eremu

Keywords:

Antidiarrhoeal activity, Castor oil, Charcoal meal, Gastro-intestinal motility, Newbouldia laevis

Abstract

Background: Diarrhoeal disease is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries requiring urgent attention. Many of the conventional anti-diarrhoeal drugs cause serious adverse effects, hence the need to screen various plants for their medicinal values becomes imperative.
Objective: To investigate the anti-diarrhoeal activity of ethanolic stem bark extract of Newbouldia laevis in castor-oil induced diarrhoea in rats.
Methods: The stem bark of Newbouldia laevis collected from Abeokuta, Ogun State, was air-dried, ground, macerated in 90% ethanol and concentrated to dryness in a water bath and then reconstituted using distilled water. Fifty (50) albino rats of both sexes used for the study were divided into two groups: A and B with twenty-five (25) rats per group.
Group A was used for the gastro-intestinal motility test using charcoal meal while
Group B was used for castor-oil induced diarrhoea test and the number of stool pellets was counted over an hour period.
Results: The extract (250-1000mg/kg) showed significant (p = 0.0399) anti-diarrhoeal activity by decreasing the distance of the gastrointestinal movement of charcoal meal in the treated rats and also inhibited the severity of diarrhoea induced by castor-oil in a dose-dependent manner when compared with the control (distilled water). This activity could be attributed to phytochemicals like flavonoids and tannins present in Newbouldia laevis.
Conclusion: The results showed that stem bark extract of Newbouldia laevis possesses a significant anti-diarrhoeal property and this supports the traditional use of the plant in the treatment of diarrhoea.

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Published

2019-12-09

Issue

Section

Original Research