Medication Adherence, Barriers to Adherence and Treatment Satisfaction with Antiretroviral Therapy Among Adolescents Living with HIV in Lagos, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0903-06-208Keywords:
Adolescents, Barriers to adherence, HIV, Medication adherence, Nigeria, Treatment satisfactionAbstract
Background: The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in controlling Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) disease has been quite effective in ensuring that infected people can enjoy healthy, long, and productive lives. Medication adherence is an essential part of patient care, especially among patients with HIV, as it greatly determines the effectiveness of treatment. Few studies have explored factors influencing medication adherence and treatment satisfaction among adults, with little focus on adolescents.
Objectives: To assess medication adherence, treatment satisfaction and factors influencing adherence to ART medication among adolescents living with HIV in Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among diagnosed and registered adolescents aged 10-19 years living with HIV and receiving treatment at eight selected antiretroviral centres in Lagos state, Nigeria. A total of 203 adolescents were recruited in stages, and data were collected using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire.
Results: There was a low level of adherence as only 59/203 (29.1%) of the respondents adhered to ART. Depression, perceived stigma, being away from home, side effects of drugs, pill burden, and forgetfulness were some factors identified as barriers to adherence. The respondents were most satisfied with the effectiveness of the medication and least satisfied with the side effects.
Conclusions: Medication adherence among adolescents was relatively low; the level of satisfaction with ART medication is an entity that significantly impacts adherence.
References
World Health Organization. HIV/AIDS [Internet]. World Health Organization; 2017 Nov. Available from: https://www.who.int/features/qa/71/en/
World Health Organization. HIV/AIDS in the South-East Asia [Internet]. WHO South East Asia; 2019. Available from: https://www.searo.who.int/topics/hiv_aids/en/
Avert. Global HIV and AIDS Statistics [Internet]. United Kingdom; 2018. Available from: https://www.avert.org/global-hiv-and-aids-statistics
Fair CD, Osherow J, Albright J, McKeone D. Medication adherence among adolescents with HIV: A case study of social work interventions. J HIV/AIDS Soc Serv 2014;13:26-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2013.864177.
World Health Organization. HIV. World Health Organization; 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids
Mabunda K, Ngamasana EL, Babalola JO, Zunza M, Nyasulu P. Determinants of poor adherence to antiretroviral treatment using a combined effect of age and education among human immunodeficiency virus-infected young adults attending care at Letaba Hospital HIV Clinic, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Pan Afr Med J 2019;32. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2019.32.37.17722.
Avert. HIV and AIDS in Nigeria [Internet]. United Kingdom; 2018. https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/sub-saharan-africa/nigeria
Sung-Hee K, Sarah MG, Sarah F, Helen W. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in adolescents living with HIV: Systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS 2014;28:1945-1956. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000000316.
Hudelson C, Cluver L. Factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in low-and middle-income countries: A systematic review. AIDS Care 2015;27:805-816. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2015.1011073.
Adejumo OA, Malee KM, Ryscavage P, Hunter SJ, Taiwo BO. Contemporary issues on the epidemiology and antiretroviral adherence of HIV‐infected adolescents in sub‐Saharan Africa: A narrative review. J Int AIDS Soc 2015;18:20049. https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.18.1.20049.
Economic Section United States Embassy in Nigeria. Nigeria Fact Sheet [Internet]. Abuja; 2012 Jan [cited 2019 28 July]. Available from: https://photos.state.gov/libraries/nigeria/487468/pdfs/Nigeria%20overview%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf
Gezahegn M, Wolde D, Ejigu Y, Tolessa F, Fufa D. Patient Satisfaction with Antiretroviral Therapy Service and Associated Factors at Jimma Town Public Health Facilities, Southwest, Ethiopia. HIV/AIDS-Res Palliative Care 2021;25:691-697. https://doi.org/10.2147/HIV.S300840.
Liberato AC, Rodrigues RC, São-João TM, Alexandre NM, Gallani MC. Satisfaction with medication in coronary disease treatment: psychometrics of the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 2016;24:e2705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.0745.
Lagos State Government. About Lagos. Lagos State Government. Available from: https://lagosstate.gov.ng/about-lagos/ Accessed 29 July 2019.
Lagos State Government. Lagos and Equitable Healthcare Services. Lagos State Government. 2017. https://lagosstate.gov.ng/blog/2017/07/05/lagos-and-equitable-healthcare-services/
Lagos State Ministry of Health. Ministry of Health. Lagos State Ministry of Health. 2019. Available from: https://health.lagosstate.gov.ng Accessed 29 July 2019.
Cochran WG. Sampling Techniques. 3rd Ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1977. Available from:https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Sampling+Techniques%2C+3rd+Edition-p-9780471162407
Lawan UM, Amole G, Jahun MG, Abute JE. Psychosocial challenges and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive adolescents attending an ART centre in Kano, northwestern Nigeria. Int J Med Sci Public Health 2015;4:1439-1444. https://doi.org/10.5455/IJMSPH.2015.27042015297.
Knobel H, Alonso J, Casado JL, Collazos J, Gonzalez J, Ruiz I, et al. Validation of a Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire in a Large Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients: The GEEMA Study. AIDS 2002;16:605-613. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002030200203080-00012.
IQVIA. Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM) [Internet]. United States. 2018-2020. Available from: https://www.iqvia.com/landing/treatment-satisfaction-questionnaire-for-medication-tsqm/ Accessed 13 December 2019.
Mueller S, Wilke T, Gorasso V, Erhart M, Kittner JM. Adaption and validation of the adherence barriers questionnaire for HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (ABQ-HIV). BMC Infect Dis 2018;18:599. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3530-x.
Nsheha AH, Dow DE, Kapanda GE, Hamel BC, Msuya LJ. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected children receiving care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Northern Tanzania: A cross-sectional analytical study. Pan Afr Med J 2014;17. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2014.17.238.2280.
David AN, Gbajabiamila T, Ekama SO, Musa ZA, Wapmuk AE, Idigbe IE, et al. Antiretroviral drug adherence and challenges among Nigerian Adolescents. Nig J Clin Biomed Res 2016;7:32-39. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325255703_Antiretroviral_drug_adherence_and_challenges_among_Nigerian_Adolescents [Accessed 17 March 2020]
Nabukeera-Barungi N, Elyanu P, Asire B, Katureebe C, Lukabwe I, Namusoke E, Musinguzi J, Atuyambe L, Tumwesigye N. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and retention in care for adolescents living with HIV from 10 districts in Uganda. BMC Infect Dis 2015;15:520. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-1265-5.
Muiyuro M, Ngure K, Mutai J, Ng'ang'a M. Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Associated Factors among HIV Positive Adolescents in Kenya. IOSR J Human Soc Sci 2019;24:17-25. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-2401081725.
Oluwasina F, Olalekan A, Adeleye T, Onifade B, Makinde I, Adeoye M. Factors Influencing Adherence to Antiretroviral Drugs among HIV Positive Young Women and Adolescent Patients in North Central Nigeria. Texila Int J Public Health 2019; https://doi.org/10.21522/TIJPH.2013.SE.19.01.
Tor-Anyiin A, Beatty FB. Difference in Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in Resource-Constrained Setting: Adolescents and Young Adults in Rural and Urban Residents in Benue State, Nigeria. Centr Afr J Public Health 2018;4:168-174. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20180406.11.
Shikiar R, Rentz AM. Satisfaction with medication: an overview of conceptual, methodologic, and regulatory issues. Value Health 2004;7:204-215. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4733.2004.72252.x.
Campbell CK, Dube K, Sauceda JA, Ndukwe S, Saberi P. Antiretroviral therapy experience, satisfaction, and preferences among a diverse sample of young adults living with HIV. AIDS Care 2022;34(9):1212-1218. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.2001783.
Kim MH, Mazenga AC, Yu X, Ahmed S, Paul ME, Kazembe PN, Abrams EJ. High self‐reported non‐adherence to antiretroviral therapy amongst adolescents living with HIV in Malawi: barriers and associated factors. J Int AIDS Soc 2017;20:21437. https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.20.1.21437.
Ankrah DN, Koster ES, Mantel-Teeuwisse AK, Arhinful DK, Agyepong IA, Lartey M. Facilitators and barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence among adolescents in Ghana. Patient Preference Adherence 2016;10:329-337. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S96691.
Hornschuh S, Dietrich JJ, Tshabalala C, Laher F. Antiretroviral treatment adherence: knowledge and experiences among adolescents and young adults in Soweto, South Africa. AIDS Res Treat 2017;2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5192516.
Ammon N, Mason S, Corkery JM. Factors impacting antiretroviral therapy adherence among human immunodeficiency virus–positive adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review. Public Health 2018;157:20-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2017.12.010.
Andrinopoulos K, Clum G, Murphy DA, Harper G, Perez L, Xu J, et al. Health-related quality of life and psychosocial correlates among HIV-infected adolescent and young adult women in the US. AIDS Educ Prev 2011;23:367-381.
World Health Organization. HIV and Adolescents from Guidance to Action [Internet]. World Health Organization. Available from: https://apps.who.int/adolescent/hiv-testing-treatment/page/improving_adherence/ Accessed 02 June 2020.
Okawa S, Mwanza Kabaghe S, Mwiya M, Kikuchi K, Jimba M, Kankasa C, et al. Psychological well-being and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents living with HIV in Zambia. AIDS Care 2018;30:634-642. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2018.1425364.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Annals of Health Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The articles and other materials published in the Annals of Health Research are protected by the Nigerian Copyright laws. The journal owns the copyright over every article, scientific and intellectual materials published in it. However, the journal grants all authors, users and researchers access to the materials published in the journal with the permission to copy, use and distribute the materials contained therein only for academic, scientific and non-commercial purposes.
