Estimating the weighted prevalence of anxiety disorders in breast cancer patients using a Two-stage approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0401-1-02Keywords:
Anxiety disorder, Two-stage Survey, Breast cancer, PatternAbstract
Background: A two-stage survey is useful when the actual diagnostic interview is time-consuming and expensive to administer on the general population.
Objective: To compare Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in the determination of the prevalence of anxiety disorder in patients with breast cancer.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of 200 female patients diagnosed with breast cancer attending the Oncology Out-Patients Clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria was done. The instruments used for the survey included a socio-demographic questionnaire, the HADS and the SCAN.
Results: The mean age of the subjects was 49.6 ± 11.2 years. Majority of the subjects (76.5%) were married. Using HADS with a threshold score of ≥ 8, 53 (26.5%) met the criteria for probable anxiety disorders (herein called ‘cases’). Of the 68 patients (all 53 ‘cases’ plus 15 randomly selected 10% of the non-cases) interviewed with the SCAN instrument, only 38 met the criteria for diagnosis of anxiety disorder.
Conclusions: The prevalence of anxiety disorders can be determined with greater precision using the two-stage design approach. Diagnostic tools like SCAN should therefore be incorporated in the assessment protocols for patients with breast cancer and other illnesses.
References
Alonzo TA, Pepe MS, Lumley T. Estimating disease prevalence in two-phase studies. Biostatistics. 2003; 4(2): 313–326.
Leung DHY, Qin J. Semiparametric prevalence estimation from a two-phase survey. 18th World IMACS / MODSIM Congress: Cairns; 2009.
Dunn G, Pickles A, Tansella M, Vazquez-Barquero J. Two-phase epidemiological surveys in psychiatric research. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1999; 174: 95-100.
Gao S, Hui SL, Hall KS, Hendrie HC. Estimating disease prevalence from two-phase surveys with non-response at the second phase. Statist. Med. 2000; 19: 2101-2114.
Beckett LA, Scherr PA, Evans DA. Population prevalence estimates from complex samples. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 1992; 45: 393-402.
Warszawski J, Messiah A, Lellouch J, Meyer L, Deville JC. Estimating means and percentages in a complex sampling surveys: application to a French national survey on sexual behaviour. Statistics in Medicine. 1997;16: 397- 423.
Chambless LE, Boyle KE. Maximum likelihood methods for complex sample data: logistic regression and discrete proportional hazard models. Communications in Statistics — Theory and Methods. 1985; 14: 1377-1392.
McNamee R. Efficiency of two-phase designs for prevalence estimation. Int J Epidemiol. 2003; 32: 1072–78.
Kalbfleisch JD, Lawless JF. Likelihood analysis of multi-state models for disease incidence and mortality. Statist. Med. 1988;7:149–160. doi:10.1002/sim.4780070116.
Lehtonen R, Pahicinen E. Practical Methods for Design and Analysis of Complex Surveys. Chichester: Wiley; 1995.
Ohaeri JU, Campbell OB, Lola OD. The emotional dispositional of terminally ill Nigerian patients to their condition. Orient Journal of Medicine. 1993; 5(4): 115-117.
Nuhu FT. Depression and quality of life of cancer patients: A dissertation submitted to the National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of fellowship of the Faculty of Psychiatry. Lagos; 2007.
Olagunju O. Depression Among Cancer Patients Attending Oncology Clinic in Lagos University Teaching Hospital. A dissertation submitted to the National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria in partial Fulfilment of the requirement for the award of fellowship of the Faculty of Psychiatry. Lagos; 2010.
Popoola AO, Adewuya OA. Prevalence and correlates of depressive disorders in outpatients breast cancer. Psycho-Oncology. 2012; 21(6): 675-9.
Nuhu FT, Odejide OA, Adebayo KO, Yusuf AJ. Psychological and physical effect of pain on cancer patients in Ibadan, Nigeria. African Journal of Psychiatry. 2009; 12(1): 65-70.
Phoon WO. Epidemiology for health officer: a field manual for the tropics. Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, National University of Singapore; 1986.
Araoye MO. Research Methodology with Statistics for Health and Social Sciences. Nathadex publishers; 2004: 117-120.
Beekman A, Marijke A, Deeg D, Anton J, Balkom V, Smith J, Beurs E, Dyek R, Tilburg W, Anxiety disorders in later life, a report from the longitudinal aging study Amsterdam. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 1998; 13: 717-726.
Duran B, Sanders M, Skipper B, Waitzkin H, Malcoe HL, Paine S, Yager J. Prevalence and correlates of mental disorders among native American women in primary care. Am J Public Health. 2004; 94(1): 71–77.
International Labour Organization. International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-08) Conceptual Framework. ILO, 2008(http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/stat/isco/docs/annex1.doc).
Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scales. Acta. Psychiatry. Scand. 1983; 67: 361-370.
Ryde-Brandt B. Anxiety and depression in mothers of children with psychotic disorders and mental retardation. Br J Psychiatry. 1990; 156: 118-21.
Abiodun OA. A validity study of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in general hospital units and a community sample in Nigeria. BJP. 1994; 165: 669-672.
World Health Organization. Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN). World Health Organization Assessment, Classification and Epidemiology, Geneva; 1999.
Prince M. Commentary: Two-phase surveys. A death is announced; no flowers please. Int. J. Epidemiol. 2003; 32(6): 1078-1080.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
The articles and other materials published in the Annals of Health Research are protected by the Nigerian Copyright laws. The journal owns the copyright over every article, scientific and intellectual materials published in it. However, the journal grants all authors, users and researchers access to the materials published in the journal with the permission to copy, use and distribute the materials contained therein only for academic, scientific and non-commercial purposes.